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Keith Lee

[email protected]

Keith Lee is Professor of AI and Finance at the Gordon School of Business, Swiss Institute of Artificial Intelligence (SIAI). His primary research lies in financial mathematics and AI-driven computational science, with a focus on quantitative modeling of complex economic and financial systems. His work integrates machine learning, stochastic modeling, and data-centric methods to study structural transformations in markets and institutions.

In recent years, his research has extended to the economic and fiscal implications of technological change, including the interaction between artificial intelligence, demographic shifts, and public finance sustainability.

He holds a PhD in Mathematical Finance from Boston University, and previously earned an MSc in Finance and Economics from the London School of Economics. He completed his undergraduate studies in Economics at Seoul National University under the Korea Foundation for Advanced Studies scholarship program.

He regularly contributes analytical essays on the broader socioeconomic implications of AI to The Economy Review.

Keith Lee

AI productivity in education is real but uneven and adoption is shallow Novices gain most; net gains require workflow redesign, training, and guardrails Measure time returned and learning outcomes—not hype—and scale targeted pilots

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Keith Lee

The AI bubble rewards talk more than results Schools should pilot, verify, and buy only proven gains using LRAS and total-cost checks Train teachers, price energy and privacy, and pay only for results that replicate <

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Keith Lee

Tariffs with India, Korea, and Switzerland endanger student mobility and research in the learning economy Trade deals must lock in visa certainty, protected lab inputs, and joint research Bake education into trade to keep talent flowing and innovation alive

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Keith Lee

Media-driven memory politics outpaces classroom teaching in East Asia Cross-border, source-based history lessons can counter quick nationalist swings Schools must prime students before flashpoints to cool future conflicts

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Keith Lee

Communism did not reduce inequality more than other regimes and lowered overall welfare Europe’s welfare capitalism cuts disposable-income gaps through taxes, transfers, and strong delivery systems Tie school funding, time, and data to disadvantage to shrink learning gaps fast

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Keith Lee

China’s scale and prices now drive Asia’s green transition without Western support Japan and Korea provide the standards, finance, and delivery that make projects bankable ASEAN education should pivot to East Asian hardware, codes, and procurement skills

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Keith Lee

Trusted news wins when fakes surge Make “proof” visible—provenance, corrections, and methods—not just better detectors Adopt open standards and clear labels so platforms, schools, and publishers turn credibility into a product feature

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Keith Lee

China is moving from messaging abroad to pulling audiences in Visa easing, platform virality, and museum upgrades turn curiosity into visits and study Schools should swap institutes for short, place-based exchanges with clear safeguards

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Keith Lee

China shifts to cooperative leverage with zero tariffs and swap lines It builds influence as U.S.

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Keith Lee

Households’ inflation beliefs move more with media framing than ECB verbosity Extra, unscheduled talk can backfire; clarity, timing, and audiovisual formats anchor expectations Make communication a measurable policy tool with simple targets and state-contingent triggers

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Keith Lee

AI prices reflect scarce compute and network effects, not just hype Educators must teach market dynamics and govern AI use Turn volatility into lasting learning gains In a time historically dominate

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Keith Lee

Reshoring works only when automation slashes unit labor costs Raise robot density and software-driven productivity, not tariffs Tie incentives to verified plant gains and workforce upskilling One key point that should ch

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Keith Lee

Judge AI use by proportion, not yes/no Require disclosure and provenance to prove human lead Apply thresholds (≤20%, 20–50%, >50%) to grade and govern Sixty-two percent of people say they would like their favorite artw

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Keith Lee

AI lowers entry barriers, raises mastery standards Novices gain most; experts move to oversight and design Education must deliver operator training and governance mastery A quiet result from a very loud technology

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Keith Lee

AI use is ubiquitous; current assessments reward fluency over thinking Grade process, add brief vivas, and require transparent AI-use disclosure Train teachers, ensure equity, and track outcomes to make AI a partner Eig

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Keith Lee

AI accelerates information cascades, turning rumors into rapid bank runs Stability now hinges on dampening synchronized behavior, not just capital buffers Build rumor-aware stress tests, fast disclosures, and drill-based curricula

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Keith Lee

AI and robotics remain narrow tools, excelling only in tightly defined tasks Human versatility—handling exceptions, combining roles, and adapting to context—remains the decisive advantage Education policy must prioritize training for this versatility, turning automation into complement rather than substitute

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Keith Lee

East Asia’s rise is method, not miracle: education plus efficiency China’s electronics exports soared from $5B to ~$1T via process mastery Policy focus: applied numeracy, diffusion finance, infrastructure, measurable yield gains

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Keith Lee

Incentives, not ideology, will decide the dollar–RMB digital race Regulated dollar stablecoins scale; e-CNY stays domestic as China tests HK yuan stablecoins Regulate tightly and pilot cross-border payments in education and trade—measure, don’t mandate

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